What is ATP structure and function?|What does ATP look like?|How does ATP provide energy?

Inter-membrane structure of ATP synthase

ATP synthase also sometimes known as complex V. generates the ATP molecule and uses the proton motive force to release ATP molecule into the matrix of mitochondria.

The structure of ATP synthase is quite elaborate and consist of two major region the Fo region and F1 region.

F1 region: - (catalytic unit)

Ø This region lies in the matrix of the mitochondria and is made up of five types of polypeptide chains α, β, γ, ε, δ chain.

Ø There α and there β chain to form a hexameric α₃ β₃ ring structure that lies be responsible for catalyzing the synthesis of ATP

Ø The γ and ε polypeptide chain organised to form the central stack which through the inner carily of the hexomeric ring. This γε stalk lies intract with the hexamor ring as the stack catalase, it stimulates the synthesis and release of ATP molecule

Ø The δ subunit lies help to hold the α₃ β₃hexamer ring in place and lies keep it from rotating

F2 region: - (Proton pump)

Ø The region is mostly hydrophobic and lies with in the inner membrane of the mitochondria.

It consist of : -

1. 10-14 C subunit organized into a ring structure that acts as proton channel, it ultimately allows the hydrogen ions to flow from the intermembrane space and into the matrix.

2. A singe subunit that bind to the outside the C ring structure a subunit helps to connect the Fo to the F1 unit and also plays an important role in proton transport.

The Fo and F1 are connect at the two point: -

1. Through the γε central stalk.

2. Through the are formed by a subunit two subunit of b and the δs subunit.

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